[64] However, fighting dramatically re-escalated in late August 2022, after peace talks broke down. [334] On 25 June 2021, three Mdecins Sans Frontires workers were found murdered near their car in Tigray. Today, the government-affiliated Ethiopian Human Rights Commission said Tigrayan rebels killed scores of civilians in the Amhara region on suspicion of being informants, supporting Abiy's. [53] The ENDF counterattacked from the south while Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) began launching attacks from the north which Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed described as "law enforcement operations. Of these, this includes: an emergency Intergovernmental Authority on Development summit in December 2020;[386] a joint statement by the National Congress of Great Tigray, the Tigray Independence Party, and Salsay Weyane Tigray describing their eight pre-conditions for peace in February 2021;[387] a mediation group called "A3+1," (consisting of three African countries, Kenya, Niger and Tunisia, and one non-African country, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) in JulyAugust 2021;[388] and a MarchAugust 2022 ceasefire wherein Ethiopian and Tigrayan officials attempted to negotiate a peaceful end to the conflict. Obamas legacy is painted as a rosy, revolutionary and absolutely utopic one by the American mainstream media. Foreign and defense ministers from across the European Union . While the US projects TPLF as some sort of a victim, the insurgent group actually enjoyed political power for over two and a half decades as a part of a TPLF-dominated coalition government from 1991. It needs new weapon systems to defeat the rapidly advancing TPLF-backed insurgents. This became apparent in the last two months after the Tigrayan rebels achieved major gains in the Tigray region by seizing key areas after the army withdrew. [123] The same day before the Tigray forces launched the Northern Command attacks, the federal parliament of Ethiopia had suggested designating the TPLF as a terrorist organization. [360], UNICEF stated that by the end of September 2022, around 574,000 more people in Afar, Amhara and Tigray were left displaced after fighting resumed in August 2022; they also reported that over 870,000 had become refugees. There was no immediate WHO comment on the allegation against Tedros, who is Ethiopian of Tigrayan ethnicity. A month later, the federal government began withholding funds from the regional administration. [231][232] Though there were initial hopes of finding a peaceful solution to ending the war, the talks soon became characterized by steadily increasing hostilities between the negotiation parties. DW explains who they are and why they're fighting. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. Photo: Clara Margais/dpa, 17 January 2023, United Kingdom, Wolverhampton: Liverpool's Mohamed Salah warms up during the English FA Cup third round replay soccer match between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Liverpool at Molineux Stadium. [284], A small group of parents also protested in Mogadishu about what they said was the government's mismanagement of the issue. The conflict in Tigray has cast a pall over Abiy's presidency, in the wake of his 2019 Nobel Peace Prize for domestic reform and forging peace with neighboring Eritrea. [155], On 13 October, Getachew claimed fighting continued intensifying with "staggering" casualties. "[380], On 20 May 2022, Ethiopian law enforcement began arresting journalists en masse, with 4,500 people in the Amhara Region alone being taken into custody. At the end of the day, Ethiopia is avoiding becoming a client State of any nation and is maintaining its strategic autonomy. During this time, Ethiopia saweconomic growth, but the governmentclampeddown on dissent. That coalition, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), went on to rule the country for nearly three decades before a prolonged protest movement brought Abiy to power in. But government officials have not acknowledged a fresh offensive, which Tigray forces say began last week. Despite the progress made, many are still hard to reach due to ongoing fighting. Now the front line is getting closer and closer toAddis Ababa, with the prime minister calling on residents to be ready to defend the capital. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . This brief history explains a lot", "Ethiopia's Prime Minister Resigns Amid Political Turmoil", "Ethiopian prime minister resigns after mass protests", "Ethiopia's ruling coalition elects new chairman", "Ethiopia swears in first PM from ethnic Oromo community", "After 20-year military standoff, Ethiopia and Eritrea agree to normalize ties in historic breakthrough", "The giddy excitement that marked Ethiopia and Eritrea's historic summit", "Surprise summit in militaristic Eritrea could bring peace to Horn of Africa", "On Ethiopia-Eritrea frontline, anger at Addis' olive branch", "News: TPLF says Ethiopia's recent Eritrea, economy related decisions have "fundamental flaws"; calls for emergency meeting of the ruling EPRDF executive, council committee", "Analysis | Ethiopia's prime minister wants to change the ruling coalition. [81] An estimated 385,000600,000 people have been killed,[44] and war rape became a "daily" occurrence, with girls as young as 8 and women as old as 72 being raped, often in front of their families. Strong winds and rains are currently causing uncomfortable weather on the popular vacation island. And that may decide the winners of the Yemen war where the UAE and Saudi Arabia are fighting the Iran-backed Houthi rebels. . Throughout the 1980s the TPLFemerged as a formidable challenger to Ethiopia's then Marxist military dictatorship. Tigray, Ethiopia's northernmost region, is home to most of the country's estimated 7 million ethnic Tigrayans, Since early November 2020, the Ethiopian government and Tigray fighters have been exchanging fire in a conflictthat, The conflict has escalated rapidly since June, when fighters began to retake most of, Throughout the 1980s the TPLFemerged as a formidable challenger to Ethiopia's then Marxist military dictatorship. Disturbing reports have continued to emerge of widespread abuse of civilians in Ethiopia's Tigray region, nearly six months since conflict erupted, the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) said on Tuesday. This essentially relates to the geostrategic advantage that Ethiopia enjoys. Oromo comprises 35% of the total population. A military spokesperson for Ethiopia, Colonel Dejene Tsegaye, announced that Mekelle would be shelled, and told Tigray civilians to flee the city because Ethiopian forces would show no mercy. [230], On 24 March 2022, the Ethiopian government declared an indefinite humanitarian truce, in order to allow the delivery of humanitarian aid into Tigray. [77] According to refugees, pro-TPLF forces used Hitsats as a base for several weeks in November 2020, killing several refugees who wanted to leave the camp to get food and, in one incident, killed nine young Eritrean men in revenge for having lost a battle against the EDF. A Sudanese soldier later claimed that Ethiopian forces had launched artillery attacks on them and intruded into the Jebel al-Teyyour area, located 7 kilometres inside Sudan. This is why Abiy Ahmed, a man of. The Ethiopian forces are quite clearly winning the war against the TPLF despite the US imposing sanctions on the East African nation. On 20 December 2021, the TPLF announced they had withdrawn their troops from Amhara and Afar, saying they were hoping to create, as stated by TPLF chairman Debretsion Gebremichael, "a decisive opening for peace." Ethiopian military decimates Tigray fighters, Ethiopian forces have carried out aerial bombardment in Tigrays regional capital city of Mekelle for at least four days this week. [205], On 30 October, it was reported that Dessie had fallen to the TDF. News/Politics 2023-01-06T11:02:07.439Z. Caracal International is UAEs State-owned small arms manufacturer and therefore Emirati supplies are crucial for the Ethiopian forces amidst the ongoing Tigray war. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Please enter your username or email address to reset your password. [298][299][300][301] According to the EU's special envoy to Ethiopia, Pekka Haavisto, senior members of the Ethiopian government called for "wip[ing] out" all Tigrayans for 100 years. Some articles state that the war began on 4 November; A few EEPA articles begin with the following injunction: ", formally agreed to a cessation of hostilities, attacked the Northern Command headquarters, Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement, National Intelligence and Security Service, United Front of Ethiopian Federalist and Confederalist Forces, Tigrayan peace process Ceasefire period (March 2022August 2022), National Intelligence and Security Agency, War crimes in the Tigray War Crimes against humanity, Ethnic discrimination in Ethiopia Tigray War, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, "Ethiopia Will Explode if It Doesn't Move Beyond Ethnic-Based Politics", "Hate Speech on Facebook Is Pushing Ethiopia Dangerously Close to a Genocide", "Regional Special Forces Pose Threat to Peace and Security in Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's Tigray forces enter neighbouring Afar region, Afar says", "Ethiopia's Amhara state rallies residents to fight Tigrayans", "Three more regions reinforce Ethiopia army, Amhara against Tigray forces", "Ethiopia: Fear Tigray conflict could trigger all-out war", "Ethiopian PM confirms Eritrean troops entered Tigray during conflict", "Eritrea confirms its troops are fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray", "UAE air bridge provides military support to Ethiopia gov't", "Foreign Drones Tip the Balance in Ethiopia's Civil War", "Ethiopian prime minister in UAE as Tigray war rages on", "Ethiopian anti-government alliance says plans to dismantle government by force or negotiations", "Tigray, other groups form alliance against Ethiopia's leader", "Ethiopia armed group says it has alliance with Tigray forces", "Leaked EU Diplomatic Cable: Delegation of the European Union to Ethiopia", "The Sidama National Liberation Front to Join the Coalition of Resistance by the Federalist Forces", "Eight Groups Join Tigray Rebels Vowing to Oust Ethiopia's Leader", "An Afar-based armed group parts its ways with TPLF-led alliance", "Benishangul Gumuz regional govt, rebel group sign peace agreement", "African Union: Agreement reached on permanent cessation of hostilities in Ethiopia", "Combatants in Ethiopia's Tigray war agree to stop fighting", "Warring parties in Ethiopia agree on 'permanent cessation of hostilities', "Ethiopia combatants sign deal to start implementing truce", https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/3983166/ethiopia-truce-implementation-start-%E2%80%98immediately%E2%80%99-mediator-says, "Ethiopia Rivals Agree on Humanitarian Access for Tigray", "Ethiopia's Tigray War: A Deadly, Dangerous Stalemate", "On 'Rooftop of Africa,' Ethiopia's Troops Hunt Fugitive Former Rulers", "Wieder Luftangriffe der Armee in Tigray", "Ethiopia civil war: Hyenas scavenge on corpses as Tigray forces retreat", "Ethiopia's Tigray conflict: Thousands reported killed in clashes", "After battlefield reversals, what next for Ethiopia's Tigray war? One Amhara law enforcement official described this as a way to maintain "law and order" and "get rid of outside enemies. By supporting the war on Tigray, it might be hoping to get the support of Abiy and Isaias for its internal centralization project. [338][339], According to the United Nations (UN), some 2.3 million children have been cut off from desperately needed aid and humanitarian assistance. [122] As tension continued to grow, a brigadier general appointed by Abiy was prevented by the Tigray government from taking up his military post. [346], By the summer of 2022, the government blockade of essential services to Tigray was still in place, and the humanitarian situation remained severe, with roughly 13 million people being in need of food aid. The Oromia, Sidama, and SNNPR regions answered the call and mobilised. The Ethiopian army accused Sudan of providing support to Tigray fighters who tried to infiltrate from the Mahalla area on the border between the two countries. [310] Tigrayans' houses were arbitrarily searched and Tigrayans' bank accounts suspended. [209] Meanwhile, it was reported that a new roundup of ethnic Tigrayans had occurred in Addis Ababa. Tigray rebels start handing over heavy weapons. Most appeared to be authentic accounts from people seeking to raise international awareness of the conflict in the midst of a communications blackout in Tigray. [210][211] Authorities in Addis Ababa also told residents to register their weapons in order to fend off the anticipated offensive. [185] He called on other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces. [60] In early November 2021, the TDF, together with the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), took control of several towns on the highway south from Tigray Region towards Addis Ababa, and the TPLF stated that it considered "marching on [the capital]. My personal account", "Ethiopie: 'A Aksoum, j'ai aid transporter plus de 300 morts', "Situation Report EEPA HORN No. [144] On 14 November, Tigray forces launched rockets at the Eritrean capital of Asmara, but the missiles missed. Vishal Tiwari The Ethiopian army chief has accused the World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of supporting the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF), Tigray state's dominant political party which is fighting the federal troops. Since November 2020, a complex and tragic civil war has raged in the Tigray region of Ethiopia pitting Tigrayans, led by Ethiopia's former ruling elite, against Ethiopia's federal government and. A number of reports have been made alleging that China, Iran, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates were all providing military support for the Ethiopian government via the sale of weaponized drones. Rebels surveyed the wreckage of a military plane downed by their forces south of Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia. From 26 November to 6 December 2021, Ethiopian allied forces recaptured several towns in the Amhara and Afar regions including Lalibela and Shewa Robit, according to the Ethiopian government. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implement the Pretoria agreement", signed on November The alliance then began to run Ethiopia under a federal system, with TPLF holdingsway over the other groups and dominating politics for nearly three decades. Ethiopia is strategically located in the Horn of Africa, which is a gateway to major world shipping flows via the Red Sea and the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean. [286][287], Former head of the Somali National Intelligence and Security Agency, Abdilsalan Guld,[288] claimed that Somali troops were sent to Tigray. [109][110], Throughout 2020, tensions between the federal government and the TPLF escalated in the months leading up to November. Ethiopia itself is located close to war-torn Yemen. Backed by the UAE and even the African Union, Ethiopia has managed to decimate the US-backed Tigray fighters with relentless aerial bombardment. So, what makes Ethiopia so important that the UAE too decided to defy the US and back Addis Ababa? [345], According to the UN, in March 2021, out of more than 260 health centres in Tigray before the war, only 31 were fully functional, while 7 were partially functional. [82][83] A major humanitarian crisis has developed as a result of the war,[41] with famine becoming widespread. The chief executive of the interim. Recently, in a speech made at the UN general assembly, President Biden mentioned the need for an African Union-led peace initiative regarding the conflict, a position long held by Ethiopia, but one the rebels disparaged, with their spokesman accusing the AU assigned chief mediator, Olusegun Obasanjo as being too close to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. [140], Offensives of joint ENDF-Amhara Region-Eritrean forces into Tigray were facilitated by the intervention of "Pterosaurus" drones, launched by the United Arab Emirates from its base in Assab, Eritrea. [164] During this time, a violently enforced curfew was set up by Ethiopian forces along with Eritrean soldiers. 20 April 2021 Humanitarian Aid. 482 (EXT.OS/XXXII) 2021", "Probe in Ethiopia's Tigray did not reach site of Axum attack: UN", "Millions of children in Tigray remain out of reach, despite access agreement UNICEF", "UN 'frustration' at lack of access to Tigray", "Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: About 2.3 million children cut off from aid, UN says", "More than two million children in Ethiopia's Tigray region cut off from humanitarian aid, UN says", "Ethiopia: EU suspends budget support over Tigray conflict", "OCHA: ETHIOPIA TIGRAY REGION HUMANITARIAN UPDATE", United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, "U.S. agency says Tigrayan forces looted aid warehouses in Ethiopia's Amhara region", "Tigray rebels loot humanitarian warehouses", "Tigray: almost one in three children under five malnourished, UN says", "Ethiopia: Half of Tigray in 'severe' food shortage", "WFP Chief Alleges TPLF Stole Fuel Designated for Humanitarian Use", "Statement by Executive Director of WFP on seizure of humanitarian fuel supplies in Tigray", "Ethiopia's Tigray runs out of medical supplies as malaria spreads", "Analysis: Tigray's largest hospital "doomed to collapse soon" due to lack of medical supplies, doctors warn as hospital death rate surpass ten percent", "Ethiopia's Tigray running out of medical supplies, WHO warns", "In Pictures: World Refugee Day: No Safe Haven in Tigray", "More than a million displaced in Tigray as Ethiopian PM warns of 'final' offensive against region", "Tigray refugees in cramped Sudanese camps fear coronavirus outbreak", "Ethiopia: Northern Ethiopia Access Snapshot (September 2021)", "News: Over half a million people newly displaced in Tigray, Afar and Amhara since militarized conflict resumed in August: UN", "Ethiopia Tigray Region Humanitarian Update Situation Report, 13 March 2021 Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's Amhara seize disputed territory amid Tigray conflict", "Eritrean Refugees Caught in Crossfire of Ethiopia's Tigray War", "Ethiopian government begins offensive in Tigray capital city of Mekelle", "Ethiopia: UN says 20,000 refugees missing in Tigray which are believed to have been detained by Eritrean forces and forcibly sent back for punishment by the Government", "Ethiopia's cracking down in Tigray. [370], The Ethiopian government tried to control the information environment by positioning itself as the sole provider of reliable information. . [190], On 4 August 2021, some Agew people declared themselves independent from the Amhara Region and formed the Agew Liberation Front (ALF). [173][174], On 22 June 2021, an Ethiopian military cargo plane was shot down over Samre, marking a turn of the war in the TDF's favor. Birhanu did not offer any evidence to support his accusations. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . [383][384] By December 2021, the Committee to Protect Journalists described both Ethiopia and Eritrea as the worst "jailers of journalists" in sub-Saharan Africa. [333], On 23 March 2021, a driver from Mdecins Sans Frontires was beaten by Ethiopian soldiers after witnessing extrajudicial killings by Ethiopian government soldiers. After all, the Yemen war may end any time and it will make sense for the UAE to be in the good books of Addis Ababa as Ethiopia is located in close proximity to wartorn Yemen. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. "[381], The media restrictions resulted in what has been described as an "information blackout. Tigrayan rebels have started handing over their heavy weapons as a key part of an agreement signed with Ethiopia's government late last year, a spokesman for the rebel authorities said. [270], Despite important steps towards peace and deescalation being made between the government and the TPLF, Amhara and Eritrean forces continued to launch attacks on Tigrayans throughout November and December. [145] The Tigray government claimed these locations contained military terminals that served as bases to carry out airstrikes. [179], On 29 June, Tigrayan forces vowed to continue their offensive and drive into Eritrea or the Amhara Region if necessary, and said that Mekelle was 100% under the control of Tigrayan forces. [364], In November 2020, the UN warned of "very critical" supply shortages for the nearly 100,000 Eritrean refugees who, prior to the war, were registered in four camps in Tigray region. Since early November 2020, the Ethiopian government and Tigray fighters have been exchanging fire in a conflictthathas claimedthousands of lives and has leftmore than400,000 people facing famine, according to a recent UN estimate. [198][199], On 8 October 2021, the TPLF said that an intensive air campaign by the Ethiopian Air Force began against TDF positions in the North Wollo and North Gondar zones of the Amhara Region, mostly around the towns of Wegeltena, Wurgessa and Haro. Under Obama, the US promoted the Arab Spring in several Arab nations. [257], On 17 October, Ethiopia said that it would seize every airport and other key infrastructure in the region;[258] that same day, the strategic city of Shire was taken by Eritrea and Ethiopia, leading to the evacuation of thousands of its inhabitants. [364], In March 2021, Mulu Nega, then leader of the federal-government-appointed Transitional Government of Tigray, stated that Amhara de facto administrators of Western Tigray used violence against ethnic Tigrayans and forcibly displaced them. Tigrayan rebels have killed more than 150 civilians in the Amhara region on suspicion of being informants or offering aid to federal forces, the government-affiliated Ethiopian Human Rights . "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implementing the #Pretoria agreement" that was signed between Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan rebels, Tigray People . 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Is UAEs State-owned small arms manufacturer and therefore Emirati supplies are crucial for the Ethiopian are... Intensifying with `` staggering '' casualties and even the African Union, Ethiopia has to... ] He called on other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces its internal centralization project the restrictions. Ethiopia so important that the UAE and even the African Union, Ethiopia growth... Many are still hard to reach due to ongoing fighting funds from the regional administration control the information environment positioning... [ 155 ], the federal government began withholding funds from the regional administration then military. Growing ambitions so important that the UAE and Saudi Arabia are fighting Iran-backed... On Tigray, it was reported that a new roundup of ethnic Tigrayans had occurred in Addis?. Other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces enforced curfew was set by.